New Years’ Resolutions Pass the Test of Time
Saving more money (21%,) eating healthier (19%) and exercising more (17%) are the top three American New Years’ Resolutions for 2025, according to Statista, a global data and business intelligence platform, in its recent Consumer Insights Survey.
Do these typical resolutions sound familiar? Thanks to the personality trait known as self-efficacy, us humans can imagine a future that’s different than the present and then work towards making a vision a reality.
And while the concept of new years’ resolutions feels self-focused and modern, it’s actually quite ancient, with the earliest records dating back 4,000 years to 2000 BC in ancient Babylonia, now southern Iraq. Back then the new year was marked with the 12-day Akitu Festival triggered by the spring equinox and preparation for the approaching planting season.
During the celebration, Babylonians would make resolutions to their gods, usually pledging loyalty to the king and promising to pay debts and return borrowed items. If they kept their resolutions, the gods would treat them well that year. On the other hand, if they broke their resolutions, they would get on the bad side of the gods.
Julius Caesar Declares January 1 New Years Day
Fast forward to 46 BC. That’s when Roman Emperor Julius Caesar declared January 1st the new first day of the year in honor of the Roman God Janus. Janus, whose spirit inhabits doorways and arches, has two faces, one looking forward to the future and the other looking backward reflecting on the past. In January Romans would proclaim resolutions for good behavior in the coming year.
In Middle Ages Europe, there was the annual “Peacock Vow,” when knights would resolve to maintain the values of knighthood by putting their hands on a live or roasted peacock.
Then in 1740 the English founder of Methodism John Wesley created the Covenant Renewal Service. Held on New Years Eve or New Years Day, through prayer and reflection thinking about one’s past mistakes and resolving to do better in the new year is an annual Protestant tradition that continues today.
It was less than 100 years ago in the 1940s and 1950s that resolutions became less religious and spiritual and more aspirational and focused on tangible self-improvement. Still less than half of Americans even make new years’ resolutions. But those who do are following an ancient calling for a fresh start by setting new year’s resolutions.
Tips for Making New Years’ Resolutions
Many resolutions are about not doing something but it’s best to avoid negative wording like quitting or stopping a behavior in your resolution. Instead, frame all your goals in a positive light.
Here are some new years’ resolution-making tips:
- Keep resolutions simple.
- Pick resolutions that will make you feel good.
- Define resolutions that are specific, measurable, time-bound and realistic.
- When you think about what you resolve to achieve consider the obstacles and how to remove them.
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